What does Ohm's Law describe?

Ohm's Law is fundamental in understanding electrical circuits, as it describes the direct relationship between voltage (the electric potential difference), current (the flow of electric charge), and resistance (the opposition to current flow). According to Ohm's Law, the voltage across a resistor is equal to the product of the current flowing through it and its resistance, often expressed in the formula ( V = I \times R ), where ( V ) is voltage, ( I ) is current, and ( R ) is resistance.

Understanding this relationship is crucial for professionals in the field of electrical engineering and cathodic protection, as it enables them to calculate how changes in one variable (like resistance or current) can impact the others. This knowledge can be applied in a practical context, such as designing and maintaining systems for corrosion control, where voltage and current must be appropriately managed to ensure effectiveness.

The other choices focus on different aspects of electrical theory or concepts not directly related to Ohm's Law, such as power consumption calculations, behavior of electricity in a vacuum, and temperature-resistance relationships, which pertain to different laws like Joule's law or the temperature coefficient of resistance but do not define Ohm's Law itself.